Python termios.TCSANOW Examples

def init():
    if os.name == 'posix':
        global old
        old = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
        new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
        new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0

        # -- Cambiar los atributos
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, new)

        # -- Restaurar el terminal a la salida
        atexit.register(cleanup_console)
    pass


# -------------------------------------
# Pequena prueba del modulo
# ------------------------------------- 

def main():
    """This main function saves the stdin termios settings, calls real_main,
       and restores stdin termios settings when it returns.
    """
    save_settings = None
    stdin_fd = -1
    try:
        import termios
        stdin_fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
        save_settings = termios.tcgetattr(stdin_fd)
    except:
        pass
    try:
        real_main()
    finally:
        if save_settings:
            termios.tcsetattr(stdin_fd, termios.TCSANOW, save_settings) 

def getch():
        """Make a get character keyboard method for Posix machines.
        """
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
        old = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
        new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
        new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, new)
        key = None
        try:
            key = os.read(fd, 4)
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, old)
        return key 

def _setecho(fd, state):
    errmsg = 'setecho() may not be called on this platform'

    try:
        attr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    except termios.error as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise

    if state:
        attr[3] = attr[3] | termios.ECHO
    else:
        attr[3] = attr[3] & ~termios.ECHO

    try:
        # I tried TCSADRAIN and TCSAFLUSH, but these were inconsistent and
        # blocked on some platforms. TCSADRAIN would probably be ideal.
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr)
    except IOError as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise 

def getch():
        """getch function
        """
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
        old = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
        new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
        new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, new)
        key = None
        try:
            key = os.read(fd, 80)
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, old)
        return key 

def _setecho(fd, state):
    errmsg = 'setecho() may not be called on this platform (it may still be possible to enable/disable echo when spawning the child process)'

    try:
        attr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    except termios.error as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise

    if state:
        attr[3] = attr[3] | termios.ECHO
    else:
        attr[3] = attr[3] & ~termios.ECHO

    try:
        # I tried TCSADRAIN and TCSAFLUSH, but these were inconsistent and
        # blocked on some platforms. TCSADRAIN would probably be ideal.
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr)
    except IOError as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise 

def wait_key():
    """ Wait for a key press on the console and return it. """
    result = None
    if os.name == 'nt':
        result = input("Press Enter to continue...")
    else:
        import termios
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()

        oldterm = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        newattr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        newattr[3] = newattr[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, newattr)

        try:
            result = sys.stdin.read(1)
        except IOError:
            pass
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, oldterm)

    return result 

def launch_proc_with_pty(args, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, echo=True):
    """Similar to pty.fork, but handle stdin/stdout according to parameters
    instead of connecting to the pty

    :return tuple (subprocess.Popen, pty_master)
    """

    def set_ctty(ctty_fd, master_fd):
        os.setsid()
        os.close(master_fd)
        fcntl.ioctl(ctty_fd, termios.TIOCSCTTY, 0)
        if not echo:
            termios_p = termios.tcgetattr(ctty_fd)
            # termios_p.c_lflags
            termios_p[3] &= ~termios.ECHO
            termios.tcsetattr(ctty_fd, termios.TCSANOW, termios_p)
    (pty_master, pty_slave) = os.openpty()
    # pylint: disable=not-an-iterable
    p = yield from asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(*args,
        stdin=stdin,
        stdout=stdout,
        stderr=stderr,
        preexec_fn=lambda: set_ctty(pty_slave, pty_master))
    os.close(pty_slave)
    return p, open(pty_master, 'wb+', buffering=0) 

def wait_key():
    ''' Wait for a key press on the console and return it. '''
    result = None
    if os.name == 'nt':
        import msvcrt
        result = msvcrt.getch()
    else:
        import termios
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()

        oldterm = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        newattr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        newattr[3] = newattr[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, newattr)

        try:
            result = sys.stdin.read(1)
        except IOError:
            pass
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, oldterm)

    return result 

def __enter__(self) -> None:
        # NOTE: On os X systems, using pty.setraw() fails. Therefor we are using this:
        try:
            newattr = termios.tcgetattr(self.fileno)
        except termios.error:
            pass
        else:
            newattr[tty.LFLAG] = self._patch_lflag(newattr[tty.LFLAG])
            newattr[tty.IFLAG] = self._patch_iflag(newattr[tty.IFLAG])

            # VMIN defines the number of characters read at a time in
            # non-canonical mode. It seems to default to 1 on Linux, but on
            # Solaris and derived operating systems it defaults to 4. (This is
            # because the VMIN slot is the same as the VEOF slot, which
            # defaults to ASCII EOT = Ctrl-D = 4.)
            newattr[tty.CC][termios.VMIN] = 1  # type: ignore

            termios.tcsetattr(self.fileno, termios.TCSANOW, newattr)

            # Put the terminal in cursor mode. (Instead of application mode.)
            os.write(self.fileno, b"\x1b[?1l") 

def _set_vtime(self, vtime):
        if not isinstance(vtime, (float, int)):
            raise TypeError("Invalid vtime type, should be float or integer.")
        elif not (0 <= vtime <= 25.5):
            raise ValueError("Invalid vtime, can be 0 to 25.5 seconds.")

        try:
            iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        cc[termios.VTIME] = int(float(vtime) * 10.0)

        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror) 

def _set_vmin(self, vmin):
        if not isinstance(vmin, int):
            raise TypeError("Invalid vmin type, should be integer.")
        elif not (0 <= vmin <= 255):
            raise ValueError("Invalid vmin, can be 0 to 255.")

        try:
            iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        cc[termios.VMIN] = vmin

        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        self._use_termios_timeout = vmin > 0 

def _set_xonxoff(self, enabled):
        if not isinstance(enabled, bool):
            raise TypeError("Invalid enabled type, should be boolean.")

        # Get tty attributes
        try:
            (iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc) = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Getting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        # Modify tty attributes
        iflag &= ~(termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF | termios.IXANY)
        if enabled:
            iflag |= (termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF)

        # Set tty attributes
        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror) 

def _set_databits(self, databits):
        if not isinstance(databits, int):
            raise TypeError("Invalid data bits type, should be integer.")
        elif databits not in [5, 6, 7, 8]:
            raise ValueError("Invalid data bits, can be 5, 6, 7, 8.")

        # Get tty attributes
        try:
            (iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc) = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Getting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        # Modify tty attributes
        cflag &= ~termios.CSIZE
        cflag |= Serial._DATABITS_TO_CFLAG[databits]

        # Set tty attributes
        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror) 

def _set_baudrate(self, baudrate):
        if not isinstance(baudrate, int):
            raise TypeError("Invalid baud rate type, should be integer.")

        if baudrate not in Serial._BAUDRATE_TO_OSPEED:
            raise ValueError("Unknown baud rate: {:d}".format(baudrate))

        # Get tty attributes
        try:
            (iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc) = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Getting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        # Modify tty attributes
        cflag &= ~(termios.CBAUD | termios.CBAUDEX)
        cflag |= Serial._BAUDRATE_TO_OSPEED[baudrate]
        ispeed = Serial._BAUDRATE_TO_OSPEED[baudrate]
        ospeed = Serial._BAUDRATE_TO_OSPEED[baudrate]

        # Set tty attributes
        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror) 

def withSavedTerminalSettings(fd, blockingCall):
    """
    Save and restore terminal settings for the given file descriptor.

    @param fd: The file descriptor, a PTY, to preserve terminal settings for.
    @type fd: L{int}

    @param blockingCall: A 0-argument callable that might modify C{fd}'s
        terminal settings.
    @type blockingCall: L{callable}

    @return: The result of L{blockingCall}.
    """
    oldSettings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    tty.setraw(fd)
    try:
        return blockingCall()
    finally:
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, oldSettings)
        os.write(fd, CLEAR_SCREEN) 

def _setecho(fd, state):
    errmsg = 'setecho() may not be called on this platform'

    try:
        attr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    except termios.error as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise

    if state:
        attr[3] = attr[3] | termios.ECHO
    else:
        attr[3] = attr[3] & ~termios.ECHO

    try:
        # I tried TCSADRAIN and TCSAFLUSH, but these were inconsistent and
        # blocked on some platforms. TCSADRAIN would probably be ideal.
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr)
    except IOError as err:
        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
        raise 

def _set_stopbits(self, stopbits):
        if not isinstance(stopbits, int):
            raise TypeError("Invalid stop bits type, should be integer.")
        elif stopbits not in [1, 2]:
            raise ValueError("Invalid stop bits, can be 1, 2.")

        # Get tty attributes
        try:
            (iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc) = termios.tcgetattr(self._fd)
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Getting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror)

        # Modify tty attributes
        cflag &= ~termios.CSTOPB
        if stopbits == 2:
            cflag |= termios.CSTOPB

        # Set tty attributes
        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self._fd, termios.TCSANOW, [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
        except termios.error as e:
            raise SerialError(e.errno, "Setting serial port attributes: " + e.strerror) 

def __init__(self, args, close_stderr=False):
    pid, fd = pty.fork()
    if pid == 0:
      # We're the child. Transfer control to command.
      if close_stderr:
        dev_null = os.open('/dev/null', 0)
        os.dup2(dev_null, 2)
      os.execvp(args[0], args)
    else:
      # Disable echoing.
      attr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
      attr[3] = attr[3] & ~termios.ECHO
      termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr)
      # Set up a file()-like interface to the child process
      self.r = os.fdopen(fd, 'r', 1)
      self.w = os.fdopen(os.dup(fd), 'w', 1) 

def _set_raw_mode_stdin():
  fno = sys.stdin.fileno()
  attr_old = termios.tcgetattr(fno)
  fcntl_old = fcntl.fcntl(fno, fcntl.F_GETFL)

  attr_new = termios.tcgetattr(fno)
  attr_new[3] = attr_new[3] & ~termios.ECHO & ~termios.ICANON
  termios.tcsetattr(fno, termios.TCSADRAIN, attr_new)

  fcntl.fcntl(fno, fcntl.F_SETFL, fcntl_old | os.O_NONBLOCK)

  def reset_raw_mode():
    termios.tcsetattr(fno, termios.TCSANOW, attr_old)
    fcntl.fcntl(fno, fcntl.F_SETFL, fcntl_old)

  return reset_raw_mode 

def _restore(cls, what: Optional[TcAttrsType] = None) -> None:
        if sys.stdout.isatty():
            # termios.tcdrain(sys.stdout.fileno())
            # if sys.stderr.isatty():
            #     termios.tcdrain(sys.stderr.fileno())
            # if sys.stdin.isatty():
            #     termios.tcflush(sys.stdin.fileno(), termios.TCIOFLUSH)
            if what:
                termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin.fileno(), termios.TCSANOW, what) 

def read_key():
    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()

    oldterm = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    newattr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    newattr[3] = newattr[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO
    termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, newattr)

    oldstdinfl = fcntl.fcntl(1, fcntl.F_GETFL)
    try:
        seq = ''
        while characters_left_for_sequence(seq):
            if len(seq) > 0:
                fcntl.fcntl(1, fcntl.F_SETFL, oldstdinfl | os.O_NONBLOCK)
            ch = sys.stdin.read(1)
            if not ch:
                break
            seq += ch
    except IOError:
        pass
    finally:
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, oldterm)
        fcntl.fcntl(1, fcntl.F_SETFL, oldstdinfl)

    try:
        result = TerminalKeyDict[seq]
    except KeyError:
        result = seq

    return result 

def __enter__(self) -> 'Pty':
            self.r, self.w = openpty()

            # tty flags normally change \n to \r\n
            attrs = termios.tcgetattr(self.r)
            assert isinstance(attrs[1], int)
            attrs[1] &= ~(termios.ONLCR | termios.OPOST)
            termios.tcsetattr(self.r, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)

            return self 

def create_pty() -> Tuple[IO[Any], str]:
    master_fd, slave_fd = pty.openpty()
    # disable echoing
    tty.setraw(master_fd, termios.TCSANOW)
    tty.setraw(slave_fd, termios.TCSANOW)
    ptsname = os.ttyname(slave_fd)
    os.close(slave_fd)
    # make i/o unbuffered
    return os.fdopen(master_fd, "wb+", 0), ptsname 

def _reconfigure_port(self, force_update=True):
        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
        super(VTIMESerial, self)._reconfigure_port()
        fcntl.fcntl(self.fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, 0) # clear O_NONBLOCK

        if self._inter_byte_timeout is not None:
            vmin = 1
            vtime = int(self._inter_byte_timeout * 10)
        else:
            vmin = 0
            vtime = int(self._timeout * 10)
        try:
            orig_attr = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
            iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc = orig_attr
        except termios.error as msg:      # if a port is nonexistent but has a /dev file, it'll fail here
            raise serial.SerialException("Could not configure port: %s" % msg)

        if vtime < 0 or vtime > 255:
            raise ValueError('Invalid vtime: %r' % vtime)
        cc[termios.VTIME] = vtime
        cc[termios.VMIN] = vmin

        termios.tcsetattr(
                self.fd,
                termios.TCSANOW,
                [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc]) 

def setup(self):
            new = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
            new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO & ~termios.ISIG
            new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
            new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
            termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSANOW, new) 

def stop_was_requested(self):
        """Check whether a 'keyboard stop' instruction has been sent.

        Returns true if ^X has been sent on the controlling terminal.

        Consumes all available input on /dev/tty.

        """
        if not self.enabled:
            return False
        # Don't try to read the terminal if we're in the background.
        # There's a race here, if we're backgrounded just after this check, but
        # I don't see a clean way to avoid it.
        if os.tcgetpgrp(self.tty.fileno()) != os.getpid():
            return False
        try:
            termios.tcsetattr(self.tty, termios.TCSANOW, self.cbreak_tcattr)
        except EnvironmentError:
            return False
        try:
            seen_ctrl_x = False
            while True:
                c = os.read(self.tty.fileno(), 1)
                if not c:
                    break
                if c == "\x18":
                    seen_ctrl_x = True
        except EnvironmentError:
            seen_ctrl_x = False
        finally:
            termios.tcsetattr(self.tty, termios.TCSANOW, self.clean_tcattr)
        return seen_ctrl_x 

def ensure_echo_on():
    if termios:
        fd = sys.stdin
        if fd.isatty():
            attr_list = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
            if not attr_list[3] & termios.ECHO:
                attr_list[3] |= termios.ECHO
                if hasattr(signal, 'SIGTTOU'):
                    old_handler = signal.signal(signal.SIGTTOU, signal.SIG_IGN)
                else:
                    old_handler = None
                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr_list)
                if old_handler is not None:
                    signal.signal(signal.SIGTTOU, old_handler) 

def stopService(self):
        """
        Stop the service.
        """
        # Restore terminal settings
        termios.tcsetattr(self.terminalFD, termios.TCSANOW, self._oldTerminalSettings)
        os.write(self.terminalFD, "\r\x1bc\r") 

def _configure_term_settings(pty_fd):
  term_settings = termios.tcgetattr(pty_fd)
  # ONLCR transforms NL to CR-NL, which is undesirable. Ensure this is disabled.
  # http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/termios.3.html
  term_settings[1] &= ~termios.ONLCR

  # ECHOCTL echoes control characters, which is undesirable.
  term_settings[3] &= ~termios.ECHOCTL

  termios.tcsetattr(pty_fd, termios.TCSANOW, term_settings)