Python types.ClassType() Examples

def runTests(self):
        if self.catchbreak:
            installHandler()
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = runner.TextTestRunner
        if isinstance(self.testRunner, (type, types.ClassType)):
            try:
                testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity,
                                             failfast=self.failfast,
                                             buffer=self.buffer)
            except TypeError:
                # didn't accept the verbosity, buffer or failfast arguments
                testRunner = self.testRunner()
        else:
            # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
            testRunner = self.testRunner
        self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
        if self.exit:
            sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) 

def runTests(self):
        if self.catchbreak:
            installHandler()
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = runner.TextTestRunner
        if isinstance(self.testRunner, (type, types.ClassType)):
            try:
                testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity,
                                             failfast=self.failfast,
                                             buffer=self.buffer)
            except TypeError:
                # didn't accept the verbosity, buffer or failfast arguments
                testRunner = self.testRunner()
        else:
            # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
            testRunner = self.testRunner
        self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
        if self.exit:
            sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) 

def handler_for_name(fq_name):
  """Resolves and instantiates handler by fully qualified name.

  First resolves the name using for_name call. Then if it resolves to a class,
  instantiates a class, if it resolves to a method - instantiates the class and
  binds method to the instance.

  Args:
    fq_name: fully qualified name of something to find.

  Returns:
    handler instance which is ready to be called.
  """
  resolved_name = for_name(fq_name)
  if isinstance(resolved_name, (type, types.ClassType)):
    # create new instance if this is type
    return resolved_name()
  elif isinstance(resolved_name, types.MethodType):
    # bind the method
    return getattr(resolved_name.im_class(), resolved_name.__name__)
  else:
    return resolved_name 

def runTests(self):
        if self.catchbreak:
            installHandler()
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = runner.TextTestRunner
        if isinstance(self.testRunner, (type, types.ClassType)):
            try:
                testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity,
                                             failfast=self.failfast,
                                             buffer=self.buffer)
            except TypeError:
                # didn't accept the verbosity, buffer or failfast arguments
                testRunner = self.testRunner()
        else:
            # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
            testRunner = self.testRunner
        self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
        if self.exit:
            sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) 

def runTests(self):
        if self.catchbreak:
            installHandler()
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = runner.TextTestRunner
        if isinstance(self.testRunner, (type, types.ClassType)):
            try:
                testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity,
                                             failfast=self.failfast,
                                             buffer=self.buffer)
            except TypeError:
                # didn't accept the verbosity, buffer or failfast arguments
                testRunner = self.testRunner()
        else:
            # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
            testRunner = self.testRunner
        self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
        if self.exit:
            sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) 

def handler_for_name(fq_name):
  """Resolves and instantiates handler by fully qualified name.

  First resolves the name using for_name call. Then if it resolves to a class,
  instantiates a class, if it resolves to a method - instantiates the class and
  binds method to the instance.

  Args:
    fq_name: fully qualified name of something to find.

  Returns:
    handler instance which is ready to be called.
  """
  resolved_name = for_name(fq_name)
  if isinstance(resolved_name, (type, types.ClassType)):
    # create new instance if this is type
    return resolved_name()
  elif isinstance(resolved_name, types.MethodType):
    # bind the method
    return getattr(resolved_name.im_class(), resolved_name.__name__)
  else:
    return resolved_name 

def runTests(self):
        if self.catchbreak:
            installHandler()
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = runner.TextTestRunner
        if isinstance(self.testRunner, (type, types.ClassType)):
            try:
                testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity,
                                             failfast=self.failfast,
                                             buffer=self.buffer)
            except TypeError:
                # didn't accept the verbosity, buffer or failfast arguments
                testRunner = self.testRunner()
        else:
            # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance
            testRunner = self.testRunner
        self.result = testRunner.run(self.test)
        if self.exit:
            sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) 

def async_raise(tid, exctype):
    """raises the exception, performs cleanup if needed.

    tid is the value given by thread.get_ident() (an integer).
    Raise SystemExit to kill a thread."""
    if not isinstance(exctype, (types.ClassType, type)):
        raise TypeError("Only types can be raised (not instances)")
    if not isinstance(tid, int):
        raise TypeError("tid must be an integer")
    res = ctypes.pythonapi.PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc(tid, ctypes.py_object(exctype))
    if res == 0:
        raise ValueError("invalid thread id")
    elif res != 1:
        # """if it returns a number greater than one, you're in trouble, 
        # and you should call it again with exc=NULL to revert the effect"""
        ctypes.pythonapi.PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc(tid, 0)
        raise SystemError("PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc failed") 

def filterwarnings(action, message="", category=Warning, module="", lineno=0,
                   append=0):
    """Insert an entry into the list of warnings filters (at the front).

    'action' -- one of "error", "ignore", "always", "default", "module",
                or "once"
    'message' -- a regex that the warning message must match
    'category' -- a class that the warning must be a subclass of
    'module' -- a regex that the module name must match
    'lineno' -- an integer line number, 0 matches all warnings
    'append' -- if true, append to the list of filters
    """
    import re
    assert action in ("error", "ignore", "always", "default", "module",
                      "once"), "invalid action: %r" % (action,)
    assert isinstance(message, basestring), "message must be a string"
    assert isinstance(category, (type, types.ClassType)), \
           "category must be a class"
    assert issubclass(category, Warning), "category must be a Warning subclass"
    assert isinstance(module, basestring), "module must be a string"
    assert isinstance(lineno, int) and lineno >= 0, \
           "lineno must be an int >= 0"
    item = (action, re.compile(message, re.I), category,
            re.compile(module), lineno)
    if append:
        filters.append(item)
    else:
        filters.insert(0, item) 

def configure_custom(self, config):
        """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
        c = config.pop('()')
        if not hasattr(c, '__call__') and hasattr(types, 'ClassType') and type(c) != types.ClassType:
            c = self.resolve(c)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        # Check for valid identifiers
        kwargs = dict([(k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k)])
        result = c(**kwargs)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result 

def isclass(object):
    """Return true if the object is a class.

    Class objects provide these attributes:
        __doc__         documentation string
        __module__      name of module in which this class was defined"""
    return isinstance(object, types.ClassType) or hasattr(object, '__bases__') 

def register(cls, subclass):
        """Register a virtual subclass of an ABC."""
        if not isinstance(subclass, (type, types.ClassType)):
            raise TypeError("Can only register classes")
        if issubclass(subclass, cls):
            return  # Already a subclass
        # Subtle: test for cycles *after* testing for "already a subclass";
        # this means we allow X.register(X) and interpret it as a no-op.
        if issubclass(cls, subclass):
            # This would create a cycle, which is bad for the algorithm below
            raise RuntimeError("Refusing to create an inheritance cycle")
        cls._abc_registry.add(subclass)
        ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter += 1  # Invalidate negative cache 

def __str__(self):
        exc = self.exc
        if type(exc) is types.ClassType:
            exc = exc.__name__
        return 'problem in %s - %s: %s' % (self.filename, exc, self.value) 

def isclass(object):
    """Return true if the object is a class.

    Class objects provide these attributes:
        __doc__         documentation string
        __module__      name of module in which this class was defined"""
    return isinstance(object, (type, types.ClassType)) 

def _getmethods(obj, methods):
    # Helper to get a list of methods from an object
    # Adds names to dictionary argument 'methods'
    for name in dir(obj):
        attr = getattr(obj, name)
        if hasattr(attr, '__call__'):
            methods[name] = 1
    if type(obj) == types.InstanceType:
        _getmethods(obj.__class__, methods)
    if type(obj) == types.ClassType:
        for super in obj.__bases__:
            _getmethods(super, methods) 

def get_classes(mod, metaclass=None):
    """"""
    if metaclass == None:
        metaclass = tuple([types.TypeType, types.ClassType])
    for i in get_callables(mod):
        if isinstance(i, metaclass):
            yield i 

def configure_custom(self, config):
        """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
        c = config.pop('()')
        if not hasattr(c, '__call__') and hasattr(types, 'ClassType') and type(c) != types.ClassType:
            c = self.resolve(c)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        # Check for valid identifiers
        kwargs = dict((k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k))
        result = c(**kwargs)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result 

def __str__(self):
        exc = self.exc
        if type(exc) is types.ClassType:
            exc = exc.__name__
        return 'problem in %s - %s: %s' % (self.filename, exc, self.value) 

def _getmethods(obj, methods):
    # Helper to get a list of methods from an object
    # Adds names to dictionary argument 'methods'
    for name in dir(obj):
        attr = getattr(obj, name)
        if hasattr(attr, '__call__'):
            methods[name] = 1
    if type(obj) == types.InstanceType:
        _getmethods(obj.__class__, methods)
    if type(obj) == types.ClassType:
        for super in obj.__bases__:
            _getmethods(super, methods) 

def isclass(object):
    """Return true if the object is a class.

    Class objects provide these attributes:
        __doc__         documentation string
        __module__      name of module in which this class was defined"""
    return isinstance(object, (type, types.ClassType)) 

def filterwarnings(action, message="", category=Warning, module="", lineno=0,
                   append=0):
    """Insert an entry into the list of warnings filters (at the front).

    'action' -- one of "error", "ignore", "always", "default", "module",
                or "once"
    'message' -- a regex that the warning message must match
    'category' -- a class that the warning must be a subclass of
    'module' -- a regex that the module name must match
    'lineno' -- an integer line number, 0 matches all warnings
    'append' -- if true, append to the list of filters
    """
    import re
    assert action in ("error", "ignore", "always", "default", "module",
                      "once"), "invalid action: %r" % (action,)
    assert isinstance(message, basestring), "message must be a string"
    assert isinstance(category, (type, types.ClassType)), \
           "category must be a class"
    assert issubclass(category, Warning), "category must be a Warning subclass"
    assert isinstance(module, basestring), "module must be a string"
    assert isinstance(lineno, int) and lineno >= 0, \
           "lineno must be an int >= 0"
    item = (action, re.compile(message, re.I), category,
            re.compile(module), lineno)
    if append:
        filters.append(item)
    else:
        filters.insert(0, item) 

def register(cls, subclass):
        """Register a virtual subclass of an ABC."""
        if not isinstance(subclass, (type, types.ClassType)):
            raise TypeError("Can only register classes")
        if issubclass(subclass, cls):
            return  # Already a subclass
        # Subtle: test for cycles *after* testing for "already a subclass";
        # this means we allow X.register(X) and interpret it as a no-op.
        if issubclass(cls, subclass):
            # This would create a cycle, which is bad for the algorithm below
            raise RuntimeError("Refusing to create an inheritance cycle")
        cls._abc_registry.add(subclass)
        ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter += 1  # Invalidate negative cache 

def pickle(ob_type, pickle_function, constructor_ob=None):
    if type(ob_type) is _ClassType:
        raise TypeError("copy_reg is not intended for use with classes")

    if not hasattr(pickle_function, '__call__'):
        raise TypeError("reduction functions must be callable")
    dispatch_table[ob_type] = pickle_function

    # The constructor_ob function is a vestige of safe for unpickling.
    # There is no reason for the caller to pass it anymore.
    if constructor_ob is not None:
        constructor(constructor_ob) 

def build_opener(*handlers):
    """Create an opener object from a list of handlers.

    The opener will use several default handlers, including support
    for HTTP, FTP and when applicable, HTTPS.

    If any of the handlers passed as arguments are subclasses of the
    default handlers, the default handlers will not be used.
    """
    import types
    def isclass(obj):
        return isinstance(obj, (types.ClassType, type))

    opener = OpenerDirector()
    default_classes = [ProxyHandler, UnknownHandler, HTTPHandler,
                       HTTPDefaultErrorHandler, HTTPRedirectHandler,
                       FTPHandler, FileHandler, HTTPErrorProcessor]
    if hasattr(httplib, 'HTTPS'):
        default_classes.append(HTTPSHandler)
    skip = set()
    for klass in default_classes:
        for check in handlers:
            if isclass(check):
                if issubclass(check, klass):
                    skip.add(klass)
            elif isinstance(check, klass):
                skip.add(klass)
    for klass in skip:
        default_classes.remove(klass)

    for klass in default_classes:
        opener.add_handler(klass())

    for h in handlers:
        if isclass(h):
            h = h()
        opener.add_handler(h)
    return opener 

def configure_custom(self, config):
        """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
        c = config.pop('()')
        if not hasattr(c, '__call__') and hasattr(types, 'ClassType') and type(c) != types.ClassType:
            c = self.resolve(c)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        # Check for valid identifiers
        kwargs = dict([(k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k)])
        result = c(**kwargs)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result 

def skip(reason):
    """
    Unconditionally skip a test.
    """
    def decorator(test_item):
        if not isinstance(test_item, (type, types.ClassType)):
            @functools.wraps(test_item)
            def skip_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
                raise SkipTest(reason)
            test_item = skip_wrapper

        test_item.__unittest_skip__ = True
        test_item.__unittest_skip_why__ = reason
        return test_item
    return decorator 

def _delegate(self, f, fvars, args=[]):
        def handle_class(cls):
            meth = web.ctx.method
            if meth == 'HEAD' and not hasattr(cls, meth):
                meth = 'GET'
            if not hasattr(cls, meth):
                raise web.nomethod(cls)
            tocall = getattr(cls(), meth)
            return tocall(*args)
            
        def is_class(o): return isinstance(o, (types.ClassType, type))
            
        if f is None:
            raise web.notfound()
        elif isinstance(f, application):
            return f.handle_with_processors()
        elif is_class(f):
            return handle_class(f)
        elif isinstance(f, basestring):
            if f.startswith('redirect '):
                url = f.split(' ', 1)[1]
                if web.ctx.method == "GET":
                    x = web.ctx.env.get('QUERY_STRING', '')
                    if x:
                        url += '?' + x
                raise web.redirect(url)
            elif '.' in f:
                mod, cls = f.rsplit('.', 1)
                mod = __import__(mod, None, None, [''])
                cls = getattr(mod, cls)
            else:
                cls = fvars[f]
            return handle_class(cls)
        elif hasattr(f, '__call__'):
            return f()
        else:
            return web.notfound() 

def configure_custom(self, config):
        """Configure an object with a user-supplied factory."""
        c = config.pop('()')
        if not hasattr(c, '__call__') and hasattr(types, 'ClassType') and type(c) != types.ClassType:
            c = self.resolve(c)
        props = config.pop('.', None)
        # Check for valid identifiers
        kwargs = dict((k, config[k]) for k in config if valid_ident(k))
        result = c(**kwargs)
        if props:
            for name, value in props.items():
                setattr(result, name, value)
        return result 

def callable(obj):
        if hasattr(obj, '__call__'): return True
        if isinstance(obj, (ClassType, type)): return True
        return False 

def __get_result(self):
        if self._exception:
            if isinstance(self._exception, types.InstanceType):
                # The exception is an instance of an old-style class, which
                # means type(self._exception) returns types.ClassType instead
                # of the exception's actual class type.
                exception_type = self._exception.__class__
            else:
                exception_type = type(self._exception)
            raise exception_type, self._exception, self._traceback
        else:
            return self._result