Python socket.getaddrinfo() Examples

def select_address_family(host, port):
    """Return ``AF_INET4``, ``AF_INET6``, or ``AF_UNIX`` depending on
    the host and port."""
    # disabled due to problems with current ipv6 implementations
    # and various operating systems.  Probably this code also is
    # not supposed to work, but I can't come up with any other
    # ways to implement this.
    # try:
    #     info = socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC,
    #                               socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
    #                               socket.AI_PASSIVE)
    #     if info:
    #         return info[0][0]
    # except socket.gaierror:
    #     pass
    if host.startswith("unix://"):
        return socket.AF_UNIX
    elif ":" in host and hasattr(socket, "AF_INET6"):
        return socket.AF_INET6
    return socket.AF_INET 

def is_valid_ip(ip):
    """Returns true if the given string is a well-formed IP address.

    Supports IPv4 and IPv6.
    """
    if not ip or '\x00' in ip:
        # getaddrinfo resolves empty strings to localhost, and truncates
        # on zero bytes.
        return False
    try:
        res = socket.getaddrinfo(ip, 0, socket.AF_UNSPEC,
                                 socket.SOCK_STREAM,
                                 0, socket.AI_NUMERICHOST)
        return bool(res)
    except socket.gaierror as e:
        if e.args[0] == socket.EAI_NONAME:
            return False
        raise
    return True 

def get_sockaddr(host, port, family):
    """Return a fully qualified socket address that can be passed to
    :func:`socket.bind`."""
    if family == af_unix:
        return host.split("://", 1)[1]
    try:
        res = socket.getaddrinfo(
            host, port, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_TCP
        )
    except socket.gaierror:
        return host, port
    return res[0][4] 

def create_connection(address, timeout=_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
                      source_address=None):
    """Backport of 3-argument create_connection() for Py2.6.

    Connect to *address* and return the socket object.

    Convenience function.  Connect to *address* (a 2-tuple ``(host,
    port)``) and return the socket object.  Passing the optional
    *timeout* parameter will set the timeout on the socket instance
    before attempting to connect.  If no *timeout* is supplied, the
    global default timeout setting returned by :func:`getdefaulttimeout`
    is used.  If *source_address* is set it must be a tuple of (host, port)
    for the socket to bind as a source address before making the connection.
    An host of '' or port 0 tells the OS to use the default.
    """

    host, port = address
    err = None
    for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
        af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
        sock = None
        try:
            sock = socket(af, socktype, proto)
            if timeout is not _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
                sock.settimeout(timeout)
            if source_address:
                sock.bind(source_address)
            sock.connect(sa)
            return sock

        except error as _:
            err = _
            if sock is not None:
                sock.close()

    if err is not None:
        raise err
    else:
        raise error("getaddrinfo returns an empty list")

# Backport from Py2.7 for Py2.6: 

def is_valid_ip(ip):
    """Returns true if the given string is a well-formed IP address.

    Supports IPv4 and IPv6.
    """
    if not ip or '\x00' in ip:
        # getaddrinfo resolves empty strings to localhost, and truncates
        # on zero bytes.
        return False
    try:
        res = socket.getaddrinfo(ip, 0, socket.AF_UNSPEC,
                                 socket.SOCK_STREAM,
                                 0, socket.AI_NUMERICHOST)
        return bool(res)
    except socket.gaierror as e:
        if e.args[0] == socket.EAI_NONAME:
            return False
        raise
    return True 

def test_basic_behavior(self):
    inet4_server = self.mox.CreateMock(wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer)
    inet6_server = self.mox.CreateMock(wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer)
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(wsgi_server, '_SingleAddressWsgiServer')
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(socket, 'getaddrinfo')
    socket.getaddrinfo('localhost', 0, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
                       socket.AI_PASSIVE).AndReturn(
                           [(None, None, None, None, ('127.0.0.1', 0, 'baz')),
                            (None, None, None, None, ('::1', 0, 'baz'))])
    wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer(('127.0.0.1', 0), None).AndReturn(
        inet4_server)
    inet4_server.start()
    inet4_server.port = 123
    wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer(('::1', 123), None).AndReturn(
        inet6_server)
    inet6_server.start()
    self.mox.ReplayAll()
    self.server.start()
    self.mox.VerifyAll()
    self.assertItemsEqual([inet4_server, inet6_server],
                          self.server._servers) 

def _do_dns_lookup(hostname: str, port: int) -> str:
    try:
        addr_infos = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.IPPROTO_IP)
    except (socket.gaierror, IndexError, ConnectionError):
        raise ServerHostnameCouldNotBeResolved(f"Could not resolve {hostname}")

    family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr = addr_infos[0]

    # By default use the first DNS entry, IPv4 or IPv6
    tentative_ip_addr = sockaddr[0]

    # But try to use IPv4 if we have both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, to work around buggy networks
    for family, socktype, proto, canonname, sockaddr in addr_infos:
        if family == socket.AF_INET:
            tentative_ip_addr = sockaddr[0]

    return tentative_ip_addr 

def create_socket_ipv6_tx_ucast(self, remote_address, port):
        try:
            sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
        except IOError as err:
            self.warning("Could not create IPv6 UDP socket: %s", err)
            return None
        self.enable_addr_and_port_reuse(sock)
        try:
            sock_addr = socket.getaddrinfo(remote_address, port, socket.AF_INET6,
                                           socket.SOCK_DGRAM)[0][4]
            sock.connect(sock_addr)
        except IOError as err:
            self.warning("Could not connect UDP socket to address %s port %d: %s",
                         remote_address, port, err)
            return None
        return sock 

def domain_ip_parser(ip_or_domain_or_url, local_dns, ipv6):
    """parsing the arg to get the hostname to query."""
    #ip_or_domain_or_url = str(sys.argv[1])
    if ip_or_domain_or_url.startswith("https://") or ip_or_domain_or_url.startswith("http://"):
        ip_or_domain = ip_or_domain_or_url.split('/')[2]
    elif ip_or_domain_or_url == ".":
        ip_or_domain = ""
    else:
        ip_or_domain = ip_or_domain_or_url

    if local_dns:
        import socket
        ip_or_domain = socket.gethostbyname(ip_or_domain)
    elif ipv6:
        import socket
        ip_or_domain = socket.getaddrinfo(ip_or_domain, None, socket.AF_INET6)[0][-1][0]

    return ip_or_domain 

def test_ignore_other_errors(self):
    inet4_server = self.mox.CreateMock(wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer)
    inet6_server = self.mox.CreateMock(wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer)
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(wsgi_server, '_SingleAddressWsgiServer')
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(socket, 'getaddrinfo')
    socket.getaddrinfo('localhost', 0, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
                       socket.AI_PASSIVE).AndReturn(
                           [(None, None, None, None, ('127.0.0.1', 0, 'baz')),
                            (None, None, None, None, ('::1', 0, 'baz'))])
    wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer(('127.0.0.1', 0), None).AndReturn(
        inet4_server)
    inet4_server.start()
    inet4_server.port = 123
    wsgi_server._SingleAddressWsgiServer(('::1', 123), None).AndReturn(
        inet6_server)
    inet6_server.start().AndRaise(
        wsgi_server.BindError('message', (errno.ENOPROTOOPT, 'no protocol')))
    self.mox.ReplayAll()
    self.server.start()
    self.mox.VerifyAll()
    self.assertItemsEqual([inet4_server],
                          self.server._servers) 

def host_is_local(hostname, port=22): # no port specified, just use the ssh port
    """
    Returns True if the hostname points to the localhost, otherwise False.
    """
    hostname = socket.getfqdn(hostname)
    if hostname in ("localhost", "0.0.0.0", "127.0.0.1", "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa",
                    "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa"):
        return True
    localhost = socket.gethostname()
    if hostname == localhost:
        return True
    localaddrs = socket.getaddrinfo(localhost, port)
    targetaddrs = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname, port)
    for (ignored_family, ignored_socktype, ignored_proto, ignored_canonname,
         sockaddr) in localaddrs:
        for (ignored_rfamily, ignored_rsocktype, ignored_rproto,
             ignored_rcanonname, rsockaddr) in targetaddrs:
            if rsockaddr[0] == sockaddr[0]:
                return True
    return False 

def select_ip_version(host, port):
    """Returns AF_INET4 or AF_INET6 depending on where to connect to."""
    # disabled due to problems with current ipv6 implementations
    # and various operating systems.  Probably this code also is
    # not supposed to work, but I can't come up with any other
    # ways to implement this.
    # try:
    #     info = socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC,
    #                               socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
    #                               socket.AI_PASSIVE)
    #     if info:
    #         return info[0][0]
    # except socket.gaierror:
    #     pass
    if ':' in host and hasattr(socket, 'AF_INET6'):
        return socket.AF_INET6
    return socket.AF_INET 

def _start(self):
        def try_address(address):
            try:
                (ip_address, port) = address

                index = 0
                for info in socket.getaddrinfo(ip_address, port, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_TCP):
                    try:
                        with self._lock:
                            self._found.append((info[4][0], info[4][1]))
                    except Exception, e:
                        pass

                    # snooze for some time, so each dns_seed has a chance
                    # to add nodes, and get addresses from those nodes
                    #snooze = -1 + 1.3 ** index
                    #if snooze > 600: snooze = 600 + random.randint(0, 120)
                    #index += 1
                    #time.sleep(snooze)

            except Exception, e:
                pass 

def __init__(self, config, dns_resolver, is_local, stat_callback=None):
        self._config = config
        if is_local:
            self._listen_addr = config['local_address']
            self._listen_port = config['local_port']
            self._remote_addr = config['server']
            self._remote_port = config['server_port']
        else:
            self._listen_addr = config['server']
            self._listen_port = config['server_port']
            self._remote_addr = None
            self._remote_port = None
        self._dns_resolver = dns_resolver
        self._password = common.to_bytes(config['password'])
        self._method = config['method']
        self._timeout = config['timeout']
        self._is_local = is_local
        self._cache = lru_cache.LRUCache(timeout=config['timeout'],
                                         close_callback=self._close_client)
        self._client_fd_to_server_addr = \
            lru_cache.LRUCache(timeout=config['timeout'])
        self._dns_cache = lru_cache.LRUCache(timeout=300)
        self._eventloop = None
        self._closed = False
        self._sockets = set()
        if 'forbidden_ip' in config:
            self._forbidden_iplist = config['forbidden_ip']
        else:
            self._forbidden_iplist = None

        addrs = socket.getaddrinfo(self._listen_addr, self._listen_port, 0,
                                   socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.SOL_UDP)
        if len(addrs) == 0:
            raise Exception("can't get addrinfo for %s:%d" %
                            (self._listen_addr, self._listen_port))
        af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = addrs[0]
        server_socket = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
        server_socket.bind((self._listen_addr, self._listen_port))
        server_socket.setblocking(False)
        self._server_socket = server_socket
        self._stat_callback = stat_callback 

def get_ip_address(hostname: str, workaround127: bool = False, version: int = None) \
        -> Union[ipaddress.IPv4Address, ipaddress.IPv6Address]:
    """
    Returns the IP address for the given host. If you enable the workaround,
    it will use a little hack if the ip address is found to be the loopback address.
    The hack tries to discover an externally visible ip address instead (this only works for ipv4 addresses).
    Set ipVersion=6 to return ipv6 addresses, 4 to return ipv4, 0 to let OS choose the best one or None to use config.PREFER_IP_VERSION.
    """
    if not workaround127:
        with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):
            addr = ipaddress.ip_address(hostname)
            return addr

    def getaddr(ip_version):
        if ip_version == 6:
            family = socket.AF_INET6
        elif ip_version == 4:
            family = socket.AF_INET
        elif ip_version == 0:
            family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
        else:
            raise ValueError("unknown value for argument ipVersion.")
        ip = socket.getaddrinfo(hostname or socket.gethostname(), 80, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.SOL_TCP)[0][4][0]
        if workaround127 and (ip.startswith("127.") or ip == "0.0.0.0"):
            return get_interface("4.2.2.2").ip
        return ipaddress.ip_address(ip)

    try:
        if hostname and ':' in hostname and version is None:
            version = 0
        return getaddr(config.PREFER_IP_VERSION) if version is None else getaddr(version)
    except socket.gaierror:
        if version == 6 or (version is None and config.PREFER_IP_VERSION == 6):
            raise socket.error("unable to determine IPV6 address")
        return getaddr(0) 

def resolveHost(host):
        """Resolves a hostname to an IP address"""
        try:
            host, _ = host.split("@@")
            family = socket.AF_INET6
        except ValueError:
            # version = 'v4'
            family = socket.AF_INET
        return socket.getaddrinfo(host, None, family,
                                  socket.SOCK_STREAM)[0][4][0] 

def open_connection(self):
        """Open the TCP/IP connection to the MySQL server
        """
        # Get address information
        addrinfo = [None] * 5
        try:
            addrinfos = socket.getaddrinfo(self.server_host,
                                           self.server_port,
                                           0, socket.SOCK_STREAM,
                                           socket.SOL_TCP)
            # If multiple results we favor IPv4, unless IPv6 was forced.
            for info in addrinfos:
                if self.force_ipv6 and info[0] == socket.AF_INET6:
                    addrinfo = info
                    break
                elif info[0] == socket.AF_INET:
                    addrinfo = info
                    break
            if self.force_ipv6 and addrinfo[0] is None:
                raise errors.InterfaceError(
                    "No IPv6 address found for {0}".format(self.server_host))
            if addrinfo[0] is None:
                addrinfo = addrinfos[0]
        except IOError as err:
            raise errors.InterfaceError(
                errno=2003, values=(self.get_address(), _strioerror(err)))
        else:
            (self._family, socktype, proto, _, sockaddr) = addrinfo

        # Instanciate the socket and connect
        try:
            self.sock = socket.socket(self._family, socktype, proto)
            self.sock.settimeout(self._connection_timeout)
            self.sock.connect(sockaddr)
        except IOError as err:
            raise errors.InterfaceError(
                errno=2003, values=(self.get_address(), _strioerror(err)))
        except Exception as err:
            raise errors.OperationalError(str(err)) 

def resolveHost(host):
        """Resolves a hostname to an IP address"""
        try:
            host, _ = host.split("@@")
            family = socket.AF_INET6
        except ValueError:
            # version = 'v4'
            family = socket.AF_INET
        return socket.getaddrinfo(host, None, family,
                                  socket.SOCK_STREAM)[0][4][0] 

def test_start_port_in_use(self):
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(socket, 'getaddrinfo')
    self.mox.StubOutWithMock(self.server, 'bind')
    af = object()
    socktype = object()
    proto = object()
    socket.getaddrinfo('localhost', 0, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0,
                       socket.AI_PASSIVE).AndReturn(
                           [(af, socktype, proto, None, None)])
    self.server.bind(af, socktype, proto).AndRaise(socket.error)
    self.mox.ReplayAll()
    self.assertRaises(wsgi_server.BindError, self.server.start)
    self.mox.VerifyAll() 

def resolveHost(host):
        """Resolves a hostname to an IP address"""
        try:
            host, _ = host.split("@@")
            family = socket.AF_INET6
        except ValueError:
            # version = 'v4'
            family = socket.AF_INET
        return socket.getaddrinfo(host, None, family,
                                  socket.SOCK_STREAM)[0][4][0] 

def __init__(
        self,
        loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
        host: str = 'localhost',
        port: int = 8125,
        prefix: str = None
    ):
        """Create a new client."""
        family, _, _, _, addr = socket.getaddrinfo(
            host, port, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)[0]
        self._addr = addr
        self._prefix = prefix
        self._loop = loop
        self._transport = None 

def getaddrinfo(*args, **kwargs):
    addrlist = _getaddrinfo(*args, **kwargs)
    random.shuffle(addrlist)
    return addrlist 

def _connect_socket(self):
        """
        Connect the base socket.

        If self.address is a hostname, this function will loop through
        all available addresses until it can establish a connection.

        :raises: ClientError - if address/port has not been set
                             - if no connection to remote socket
                               could be established.
        """
        if not self.address:
            raise ClientError('address has not been set')
        if not self.port:
            raise ClientError('address has not been set')

        for family, socktype, proto, _, sockaddr in \
                socket.getaddrinfo(self.address,
                                   self.port,
                                   socket.AF_UNSPEC,
                                   socket.SOCK_STREAM):

            try:
                self._base_sock = socket.socket(family, socktype, proto)
            except socket.error:
                self._base_sock = None
                continue

            try:
                self._base_sock.connect(sockaddr)
            except socket.error:
                self._base_sock.close()
                self._base_sock = None
                continue
            break

        if self._base_sock is None:
            LOG.error('could not open socket')
            raise ClientError('could not open socket') 

def allowed_gai_family():
    """This function is designed to work in the context of
    getaddrinfo, where family=socket.AF_UNSPEC is the default and
    will perform a DNS search for both IPv6 and IPv4 records."""

    family = socket.AF_INET
    if HAS_IPV6:
        family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
    return family 

def allowed_gai_family():
    """This function is designed to work in the context of
    getaddrinfo, where family=socket.AF_UNSPEC is the default and
    will perform a DNS search for both IPv6 and IPv4 records."""

    family = socket.AF_INET
    if HAS_IPV6:
        family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
    return family 

def allowed_gai_family():
    """This function is designed to work in the context of
    getaddrinfo, where family=socket.AF_UNSPEC is the default and
    will perform a DNS search for both IPv6 and IPv4 records."""

    family = socket.AF_INET
    if HAS_IPV6:
        family = socket.AF_UNSPEC
    return family 

def _xmit_packet(self, retry=True, delay_xmit=None):
        if self.sequencenumber:
            self.sequencenumber += 1
        if delay_xmit is not None:
            # skip transmit, let retry timer do it's thing
            self.waiting_sessions[self] = {}
            self.waiting_sessions[self]['ipmisession'] = self
            self.waiting_sessions[self]['timeout'] = delay_xmit +  _monotonic_time()
            return  
        if self.sockaddr:
            self.send_data(self.netpacket, self.sockaddr)
        else:
            self.allsockaddrs = []
            try:
                for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.bmc, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_DGRAM):
                    sockaddr = res[4]
                    if res[0] == socket.AF_INET:
                        # convert the sockaddr to AF_INET6
                        newhost = '::ffff:' + sockaddr[0]
                        sockaddr = (newhost, sockaddr[1], 0, 0)
                    self.allsockaddrs.append(sockaddr)
                    self.bmc_handlers[sockaddr] = self
                    self.send_data(self.netpacket, sockaddr)
            except socket.gaierror:
                raise exc.IpmiException("Unable to transmit to specified address")
        if retry:
            self.waiting_sessions[self] = {}
            self.waiting_sessions[self]['ipmisession'] = self
            self.waiting_sessions[self]['timeout'] = self.timeout + _monotonic_time() 

def get_family(addr):
    return socket.getaddrinfo(addr, None)[0][0] 

def get_some_ip(host):
    return socket.getaddrinfo(host, None)[0][4][0] 

def connectTor():
	try:
		port = 9050
		# Set socks proxy and wrap the urllib module
		socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, '127.0.0.1', port)
		socket.socket = socks.socksocket

		# Perform DNS resolution through the socket
		def getaddrinfo(*args):
			return [(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 6, '', (args[0], args[1]))]

		socket.getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo
	except:
		e = sys.exc_info()[0]
		print("Error: %s" % e + "\n## Can't establish connection with TOR")