Python termios.IEXTEN Examples

def init():
    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
    # save old state
    flags_save = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
    attrs_save = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    # make raw - the way to do this comes from the termios(3) man page.
    attrs = list(attrs_save) # copy the stored version to update
    # iflag
    attrs[0] &= ~(termios.IGNBRK | termios.BRKINT | termios.PARMRK 
                  | termios.ISTRIP | termios.INLCR | termios. IGNCR 
                  | termios.ICRNL | termios.IXON )
    # oflag
    attrs[1] &= ~termios.OPOST
    # cflag
    attrs[2] &= ~(termios.CSIZE | termios. PARENB)
    attrs[2] |= termios.CS8
    # lflag
    attrs[3] &= ~(termios.ECHONL | termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON
                  | termios.ISIG | termios.IEXTEN)
    termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)
    # turn off non-blocking
    fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags_save & ~os.O_NONBLOCK)
    # read a single keystroke
    return (flags_save, attrs_save) 

def __init__(self, signal_names=['SIGINFO'], key_values=[20], skip_input_if_possible=True):
		"""signal_names is a list of signal names, which will be listened for if they exist.
		key_values is a list of (terminal input) key values, each will
		be considered equivalent of a signal if pressed.
		If skip_input_if_possible is True no input will be read if all signals exist.
		No differentiation is made between the signals."""

		self.key_values = set(key_values)
		self.restore = {}
		self.signal_set = False
		self.clean = False
		self.use_input = False
		all_sigs = True
		atexit.register(self.cleanup)
		for name in signal_names:
			sig = getattr(signal, name, None)
			if sig is not None:
				old = signal.signal(sig, self.signal_arrived)
				self.restore[sig] = old
				signal.siginterrupt(sig, False)
			else:
				all_sigs = False
		if all_sigs and skip_input_if_possible:
			return
		self.tc_original = termios.tcgetattr(0)
		tc_changed = list(self.tc_original)
		tc_changed[3] &= ~(termios.ICANON | termios.IEXTEN)
		self.use_input = True
		termios.tcsetattr(0, termios.TCSADRAIN, tc_changed) 

def prepare_tty():                       
    "set the terminal in char mode (return each keyboard press at once) and"\
    " switch off echoing of this input; return the original settings"
    stdin_fd = sys.stdin.fileno()  # will most likely be 0  ;->
    old_stdin_config = termios.tcgetattr(stdin_fd)
    [ iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc ] = \
        termios.tcgetattr(stdin_fd)
    cc[termios.VTIME] = 1
    cc[termios.VMIN] = 1
    iflag = iflag & ~(termios.IGNBRK |
                      termios.BRKINT |
                      termios.PARMRK |
                      termios.ISTRIP |
                      termios.INLCR |
                      termios.IGNCR |
                      #termios.ICRNL |
                      termios.IXON)
    #  oflag = oflag & ~termios.OPOST
    cflag = cflag | termios.CS8
    lflag = lflag & ~(termios.ECHO |
                      termios.ECHONL |
                      termios.ICANON |
                      # termios.ISIG |
                      termios.IEXTEN)
    termios.tcsetattr(stdin_fd, termios.TCSANOW,
                      [ iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc ])
    return (stdin_fd, old_stdin_config) 

def _patch_lflag(cls, attrs):
        return attrs & ~(termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON | termios.IEXTEN | termios.ISIG) 

def _patch_lflag(cls, attrs):
        return attrs | (termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON | termios.IEXTEN | termios.ISIG) 

def _patch_lflag(cls, attrs):
        return attrs & ~(termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON | termios.IEXTEN | termios.ISIG) 

def _patch_lflag(cls, attrs):
        return attrs | (termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON | termios.IEXTEN | termios.ISIG) 

def get_instruction_key(self):
        """Waits for a single keypress on stdin.

        This is a silly function to call if you need to do it a lot because it has
        to store stdin's current setup, setup stdin for reading single keystrokes
        then read the single keystroke then revert stdin back after reading the
        keystroke.

        Returns the character of the key that was pressed (zero on
        KeyboardInterrupt which can happen when a signal gets handled)

        This method is licensed under cc by-sa 3.0 
        Thanks to mheyman http://stackoverflow.com/questions/983354/how-do-i-make-python-to-wait-for-a-pressed-key\
        """
        import termios, fcntl, sys, os
        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
        # save old state
        flags_save = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
        attrs_save = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
        # make raw - the way to do this comes from the termios(3) man page.
        attrs = list(attrs_save) # copy the stored version to update
        # iflag
        attrs[0] &= ~(termios.IGNBRK | termios.BRKINT | termios.PARMRK 
                      | termios.ISTRIP | termios.INLCR | termios. IGNCR 
                      | termios.ICRNL | termios.IXON )
        # oflag
        attrs[1] &= ~termios.OPOST
        # cflag
        attrs[2] &= ~(termios.CSIZE | termios. PARENB)
        attrs[2] |= termios.CS8
        # lflag
        attrs[3] &= ~(termios.ECHONL | termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON
                      | termios.ISIG | termios.IEXTEN)
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)
        # turn off non-blocking
        fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags_save & ~os.O_NONBLOCK)
        # read a single keystroke
        try:
            ret = sys.stdin.read(1) # returns a single character
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            ret = 0
        finally:
            # restore old state
            termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, attrs_save)
            fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags_save)
        return ret 

def __init__(self, printer, prot, iomanager):
    self.printer = printer
    self.prot = prot
    self.iomanager = iomanager

    (master_fd, slave_fd) = os.openpty()
    slave = os.ttyname(slave_fd)

    master_flags = fcntl.fcntl(master_fd, fcntl.F_GETFL, 0)
    fcntl.fcntl(master_fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, master_flags | os.O_NONBLOCK)

    # switch to "raw" mode - these constants come from the manpage for termios under cfmakeraw()
    master_attr = termios.tcgetattr(master_fd)
    master_attr[0] &= ~(termios.IGNBRK | termios.BRKINT | termios.PARMRK | termios.ISTRIP
                        | termios.INLCR | termios.IGNCR | termios.ICRNL | termios.IXON)
    master_attr[1] &= ~termios.OPOST
    master_attr[2] &= ~(termios.CSIZE | termios.PARENB)
    master_attr[3] &= ~(termios.ECHO | termios.ECHONL | termios.ICANON | termios.ISIG
                        | termios.IEXTEN)
    master_attr[3] |= termios.CS8
    termios.tcsetattr(master_fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, master_attr)

    # Fun detail: master will always show as /dev/ptmx, but the kernel knows from
    # the fd which PTY we're using. This means we have to use master_fd instead
    # of opening master by name.

    logging.info("Opened PTY for {} and got {}".format(prot, os.ttyname(slave_fd)))

    self.pipe_link = "/dev/" + prot + "_1"

    try:
      os.unlink(self.pipe_link)
    except OSError as e:
      # file not found is fine to ignore - anythine else and we should log it
      if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
        logging.error("Failed to unlink '{}': {}".format(self.pipe_link, e.strerror))

    logging.info("linking {}".format(self.pipe_link))
    os.symlink(slave, self.pipe_link)
    os.chmod(self.pipe_link, 0o666)

    logging.info("{} Pipe open. Use '{}' to communicate with it".format(self.prot, self.pipe_link))

    self.rd = os.fdopen(master_fd, "r")
    self.wr = os.fdopen(master_fd, "w")

    self.send_response = True
    self.iomanager.add_file(self.rd, self.get_message) 

def read_single_keypress():
    """Waits for a single keypress on stdin.
    https://stackoverflow.com/a/6599441/1497443

    This is a silly function to call if you need to do it a lot because it has
    to store stdin's current setup, setup stdin for reading single keystrokes
    then read the single keystroke then revert stdin back after reading the
    keystroke.

    Returns the character of the key that was pressed (zero on
    KeyboardInterrupt which can happen when a signal gets handled)

    """
    if fcntl is None or termios is None:
        raise ValueError('termios and/or fcntl packages are not available in your system. This is possible because you are not on a Linux Distro.')
    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
    # save old state
    flags_save = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFL)
    attrs_save = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
    # make raw - the way to do this comes from the termios(3) man page.
    attrs = list(attrs_save)  # copy the stored version to update
    # iflag
    attrs[0] &= ~(termios.IGNBRK | termios.BRKINT | termios.PARMRK |
                  termios.ISTRIP | termios.INLCR | termios.IGNCR |
                  termios.ICRNL | termios.IXON)
    # oflag
    attrs[1] &= ~termios.OPOST
    # cflag
    attrs[2] &= ~(termios.CSIZE | termios. PARENB)
    attrs[2] |= termios.CS8
    # lflag
    attrs[3] &= ~(termios.ECHONL | termios.ECHO | termios.ICANON |
                  termios.ISIG | termios.IEXTEN)
    termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attrs)
    # turn off non-blocking
    fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags_save & ~os.O_NONBLOCK)
    # read a single keystroke
    try:
        ret = sys.stdin.read(1)  # returns a single character
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        ret = 0
    finally:
        # restore old state
        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, attrs_save)
        fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, flags_save)
    return ret