Python email.message.Message() Examples

def test_set_param(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg = Message()
        msg.set_param('charset', 'iso-2022-jp')
        eq(msg.get_param('charset'), 'iso-2022-jp')
        msg.set_param('importance', 'high value')
        eq(msg.get_param('importance'), 'high value')
        eq(msg.get_param('importance', unquote=False), '"high value"')
        eq(msg.get_params(), [('text/plain', ''),
                              ('charset', 'iso-2022-jp'),
                              ('importance', 'high value')])
        eq(msg.get_params(unquote=False), [('text/plain', ''),
                                       ('charset', '"iso-2022-jp"'),
                                       ('importance', '"high value"')])
        msg.set_param('charset', 'iso-9999-xx', header='X-Jimmy')
        eq(msg.get_param('charset', header='X-Jimmy'), 'iso-9999-xx') 

def get_addrs_from_header(msg: Message, header) -> [str]:
    """Get all addresses contained in `header`
    Used for To or CC header.
    """
    ret = []
    header_content = msg.get_all(header)
    if not header_content:
        return ret

    for addrs in header_content:
        # force convert header to string, sometimes addrs is Header object
        addrs = str(addrs)
        for addr in addrs.split(","):
            ret.append(addr.strip())

    # do not return empty string
    return [r for r in ret if r] 

def get_spam_info(msg: Message) -> (bool, str):
    """parse SpamAssassin header to detect whether a message is classified as spam.
    Return (is spam, spam status detail)
    The header format is
    ```X-Spam-Status: No, score=-0.1 required=5.0 tests=DKIM_SIGNED,DKIM_VALID,
  DKIM_VALID_AU,RCVD_IN_DNSWL_BLOCKED,RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H2,SPF_PASS,
  URIBL_BLOCKED autolearn=unavailable autolearn_force=no version=3.4.2```
    """
    spamassassin_status = msg["X-Spam-Status"]
    if not spamassassin_status:
        return False, ""

    # yes or no
    spamassassin_answer = spamassassin_status[: spamassassin_status.find(",")]

    return spamassassin_answer.lower() == "yes", spamassassin_status 

def write_wheelfile(self, wheelfile_base, generator='bdist_wheel (' + wheel.__version__ + ')'):
        from email.message import Message
        msg = Message()
        msg['Wheel-Version'] = '1.0'  # of the spec
        msg['Generator'] = generator
        msg['Root-Is-Purelib'] = str(self.root_is_pure).lower()

        # Doesn't work for bdist_wininst
        impl_tag, abi_tag, plat_tag = self.get_tag()
        for impl in impl_tag.split('.'):
            for abi in abi_tag.split('.'):
                for plat in plat_tag.split('.'):
                    msg['Tag'] = '-'.join((impl, abi, plat))

        wheelfile_path = os.path.join(wheelfile_base, 'WHEEL')
        logger.info('creating %s', wheelfile_path)
        with open(wheelfile_path, 'w') as f:
            Generator(f, maxheaderlen=0).flatten(msg) 

def write_wheelfile(
        self, wheelfile_base, generator="bdist_wheel (" + wheel_version + ")"
    ):
        from email.message import Message

        msg = Message()
        msg["Wheel-Version"] = "1.0"  # of the spec
        msg["Generator"] = generator
        msg["Root-Is-Purelib"] = str(self.root_is_pure).lower()

        # Doesn't work for bdist_wininst
        impl_tag, abi_tag, plat_tag = self.get_tag()
        for impl in impl_tag.split("."):
            for abi in abi_tag.split("."):
                for plat in plat_tag.split("."):
                    msg["Tag"] = "-".join((impl, abi, plat))

        wheelfile_path = os.path.join(wheelfile_base, "WHEEL")
        logger.info("creating %s", wheelfile_path)
        with open(wheelfile_path, "w") as f:
            Generator(f, maxheaderlen=0).flatten(msg) 

def __init__(self, _msg, _subtype='rfc822'):
        """Create a message/* type MIME document.

        _msg is a message object and must be an instance of Message, or a
        derived class of Message, otherwise a TypeError is raised.

        Optional _subtype defines the subtype of the contained message.  The
        default is "rfc822" (this is defined by the MIME standard, even though
        the term "rfc822" is technically outdated by RFC 2822).
        """
        MIMENonMultipart.__init__(self, 'message', _subtype)
        if not isinstance(_msg, message.Message):
            raise TypeError('Argument is not an instance of Message')
        # It's convenient to use this base class method.  We need to do it
        # this way or we'll get an exception
        message.Message.attach(self, _msg)
        # And be sure our default type is set correctly
        self.set_default_type('message/rfc822') 

def test_replace_header(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg = Message()
        msg.add_header('First', 'One')
        msg.add_header('Second', 'Two')
        msg.add_header('Third', 'Three')
        eq(msg.keys(), ['First', 'Second', 'Third'])
        eq(msg.values(), ['One', 'Two', 'Three'])
        msg.replace_header('Second', 'Twenty')
        eq(msg.keys(), ['First', 'Second', 'Third'])
        eq(msg.values(), ['One', 'Twenty', 'Three'])
        msg.add_header('First', 'Eleven')
        msg.replace_header('First', 'One Hundred')
        eq(msg.keys(), ['First', 'Second', 'Third', 'First'])
        eq(msg.values(), ['One Hundred', 'Twenty', 'Three', 'Eleven'])
        self.assertRaises(KeyError, msg.replace_header, 'Fourth', 'Missing') 

def add_dkim_signature(msg: Message, email_domain: str):
    delete_header(msg, "DKIM-Signature")

    # Specify headers in "byte" form
    # Generate message signature
    sig = dkim.sign(
        msg.as_bytes(),
        DKIM_SELECTOR,
        email_domain.encode(),
        DKIM_PRIVATE_KEY.encode(),
        include_headers=DKIM_HEADERS,
    )
    sig = sig.decode()

    # remove linebreaks from sig
    sig = sig.replace("\n", " ").replace("\r", "")
    msg["DKIM-Signature"] = sig[len("DKIM-Signature: ") :] 

def test_getset_charset(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg = Message()
        eq(msg.get_charset(), None)
        charset = Charset('iso-8859-1')
        msg.set_charset(charset)
        eq(msg['mime-version'], '1.0')
        eq(msg.get_content_type(), 'text/plain')
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"')
        eq(msg.get_param('charset'), 'iso-8859-1')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], 'quoted-printable')
        eq(msg.get_charset().input_charset, 'iso-8859-1')
        # Remove the charset
        msg.set_charset(None)
        eq(msg.get_charset(), None)
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/plain')
        # Try adding a charset when there's already MIME headers present
        msg = Message()
        msg['MIME-Version'] = '2.0'
        msg['Content-Type'] = 'text/x-weird'
        msg['Content-Transfer-Encoding'] = 'quinted-puntable'
        msg.set_charset(charset)
        eq(msg['mime-version'], '2.0')
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/x-weird; charset="iso-8859-1"')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], 'quinted-puntable') 

def replace_str_in_msg(msg: Message, fr: str, to: str):
    if msg.get_content_maintype() != "text":
        return msg
    new_body = msg.get_payload(decode=True).replace(fr.encode(), to.encode())

    # If utf-8 decoding fails, do not touch message part
    try:
        new_body = new_body.decode("utf-8")
    except:
        return msg

    cte = (
        msg["Content-Transfer-Encoding"].lower()
        if msg["Content-Transfer-Encoding"]
        else None
    )
    subtype = msg.get_content_subtype()
    delete_header(msg, "Content-Transfer-Encoding")
    delete_header(msg, "Content-Type")

    email.contentmanager.set_text_content(msg, new_body, subtype=subtype, cte=cte)
    return msg 

def write_wheelfile(self, wheelfile_base, generator='bdist_wheel (' + wheel.__version__ + ')'):
        from email.message import Message
        msg = Message()
        msg['Wheel-Version'] = '1.0'  # of the spec
        msg['Generator'] = generator
        msg['Root-Is-Purelib'] = str(self.root_is_pure).lower()

        # Doesn't work for bdist_wininst
        impl_tag, abi_tag, plat_tag = self.get_tag()
        for impl in impl_tag.split('.'):
            for abi in abi_tag.split('.'):
                for plat in plat_tag.split('.'):
                    msg['Tag'] = '-'.join((impl, abi, plat))

        wheelfile_path = os.path.join(wheelfile_base, 'WHEEL')
        logger.info('creating %s', wheelfile_path)
        with open(wheelfile_path, 'w') as f:
            Generator(f, maxheaderlen=0).flatten(msg) 

def write_wheelfile(self, wheelfile_base, generator='bdist_wheel (' + wheel_version + ')'):
        from email.message import Message
        msg = Message()
        msg['Wheel-Version'] = '1.0'  # of the spec
        msg['Generator'] = generator
        msg['Root-Is-Purelib'] = str(self.root_is_pure).lower()

        # Doesn't work for bdist_wininst
        impl_tag, abi_tag, plat_tag = self.get_tag()
        for impl in impl_tag.split('.'):
            for abi in abi_tag.split('.'):
                for plat in plat_tag.split('.'):
                    msg['Tag'] = '-'.join((impl, abi, plat))

        wheelfile_path = os.path.join(wheelfile_base, 'WHEEL')
        logger.info('creating %s', wheelfile_path)
        with open(wheelfile_path, 'w') as f:
            Generator(f, maxheaderlen=0).flatten(msg) 

def __init__(self, _msg, _subtype='rfc822'):
        """Create a message/* type MIME document.

        _msg is a message object and must be an instance of Message, or a
        derived class of Message, otherwise a TypeError is raised.

        Optional _subtype defines the subtype of the contained message.  The
        default is "rfc822" (this is defined by the MIME standard, even though
        the term "rfc822" is technically outdated by RFC 2822).
        """
        MIMENonMultipart.__init__(self, 'message', _subtype)
        if not isinstance(_msg, message.Message):
            raise TypeError('Argument is not an instance of Message')
        # It's convenient to use this base class method.  We need to do it
        # this way or we'll get an exception
        message.Message.attach(self, _msg)
        # And be sure our default type is set correctly
        self.set_default_type('message/rfc822') 

def test_whitespace_continuation_last_header(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        # Like the previous test, but the subject line is the last
        # header.
        msg = email.message_from_string("""\
From: aperson@dom.ain
To: bperson@dom.ain
Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2002 15:09:19 -0400
Message-ID: spam
Subject: the next line has a space on it
\x20

Here's the message body
""")
        eq(msg['subject'], 'the next line has a space on it\n ')
        eq(msg['message-id'], 'spam')
        eq(msg.get_payload(), "Here's the message body\n") 

def test_whitespace_continuation(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        # This message contains a line after the Subject: header that has only
        # whitespace, but it is not empty!
        msg = email.message_from_string("""\
From: aperson@dom.ain
To: bperson@dom.ain
Subject: the next line has a space on it
\x20
Date: Mon, 8 Apr 2002 15:09:19 -0400
Message-ID: spam

Here's the message body
""")
        eq(msg['subject'], 'the next line has a space on it\n ')
        eq(msg['message-id'], 'spam')
        eq(msg.get_payload(), "Here's the message body\n") 

def test_get_body_encoding_with_uppercase_charset(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg = Message()
        msg['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8'
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8')
        charsets = msg.get_charsets()
        eq(len(charsets), 1)
        eq(charsets[0], 'utf-8')
        charset = Charset(charsets[0])
        eq(charset.get_body_encoding(), 'base64')
        msg.set_payload('hello world', charset=charset)
        eq(msg.get_payload(), 'aGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=\n')
        eq(msg.get_payload(decode=True), 'hello world')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], 'base64')
        # Try another one
        msg = Message()
        msg['Content-Type'] = 'text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"'
        charsets = msg.get_charsets()
        eq(len(charsets), 1)
        eq(charsets[0], 'us-ascii')
        charset = Charset(charsets[0])
        eq(charset.get_body_encoding(), encoders.encode_7or8bit)
        msg.set_payload('hello world', charset=charset)
        eq(msg.get_payload(), 'hello world')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], '7bit') 

def __init__(self, _msg, _subtype='rfc822'):
        """Create a message/* type MIME document.

        _msg is a message object and must be an instance of Message, or a
        derived class of Message, otherwise a TypeError is raised.

        Optional _subtype defines the subtype of the contained message.  The
        default is "rfc822" (this is defined by the MIME standard, even though
        the term "rfc822" is technically outdated by RFC 2822).
        """
        MIMENonMultipart.__init__(self, 'message', _subtype)
        if not isinstance(_msg, message.Message):
            raise TypeError('Argument is not an instance of Message')
        # It's convenient to use this base class method.  We need to do it
        # this way or we'll get an exception
        message.Message.attach(self, _msg)
        # And be sure our default type is set correctly
        self.set_default_type('message/rfc822') 

def test_message_from_file_with_class(self):
        # Create a subclass
        class MyMessage(Message):
            pass

        fp = openfile('msg_01.txt')
        try:
            msg = email.message_from_file(fp, MyMessage)
        finally:
            fp.close()
        self.assertIsInstance(msg, MyMessage)
        # Try something more complicated
        fp = openfile('msg_02.txt')
        try:
            msg = email.message_from_file(fp, MyMessage)
        finally:
            fp.close()
        for subpart in msg.walk():
            self.assertIsInstance(subpart, MyMessage) 

def test_getset_charset(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg = Message()
        eq(msg.get_charset(), None)
        charset = Charset('iso-8859-1')
        msg.set_charset(charset)
        eq(msg['mime-version'], '1.0')
        eq(msg.get_content_type(), 'text/plain')
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"')
        eq(msg.get_param('charset'), 'iso-8859-1')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], 'quoted-printable')
        eq(msg.get_charset().input_charset, 'iso-8859-1')
        # Remove the charset
        msg.set_charset(None)
        eq(msg.get_charset(), None)
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/plain')
        # Try adding a charset when there's already MIME headers present
        msg = Message()
        msg['MIME-Version'] = '2.0'
        msg['Content-Type'] = 'text/x-weird'
        msg['Content-Transfer-Encoding'] = 'quinted-puntable'
        msg.set_charset(charset)
        eq(msg['mime-version'], '2.0')
        eq(msg['content-type'], 'text/x-weird; charset="iso-8859-1"')
        eq(msg['content-transfer-encoding'], 'quinted-puntable') 

def test_message_from_string_with_class(self):
        fp = openfile('msg_01.txt')
        try:
            text = fp.read()
        finally:
            fp.close()
        # Create a subclass
        class MyMessage(Message):
            pass

        msg = email.message_from_string(text, MyMessage)
        self.assertIsInstance(msg, MyMessage)
        # Try something more complicated
        fp = openfile('msg_02.txt')
        try:
            text = fp.read()
        finally:
            fp.close()
        msg = email.message_from_string(text, MyMessage)
        for subpart in msg.walk():
            self.assertIsInstance(subpart, MyMessage) 

def test_long_lines_with_different_header(self):
        eq = self.ndiffAssertEqual
        h = """\
List-Unsubscribe: <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/spamassassin-talk>,
        <mailto:spamassassin-talk-request@lists.sourceforge.net?subject=unsubscribe>"""
        msg = Message()
        msg['List'] = h
        msg['List'] = Header(h, header_name='List')
        self.ndiffAssertEqual(msg.as_string(), """\
List: List-Unsubscribe: <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/spamassassin-talk>,
 <mailto:spamassassin-talk-request@lists.sourceforge.net?subject=unsubscribe>
List: List-Unsubscribe: <https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/spamassassin-talk>,
 <mailto:spamassassin-talk-request@lists.sourceforge.net?subject=unsubscribe>

""")



# Test mangling of "From " lines in the body of a message 

def test_parser(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg, text = self._msgobj('msg_06.txt')
        # Check some of the outer headers
        eq(msg.get_content_type(), 'message/rfc822')
        # Make sure the payload is a list of exactly one sub-Message, and that
        # that submessage has a type of text/plain
        payload = msg.get_payload()
        self.assertIsInstance(payload, list)
        eq(len(payload), 1)
        msg1 = payload[0]
        self.assertIsInstance(msg1, Message)
        eq(msg1.get_content_type(), 'text/plain')
        self.assertIsInstance(msg1.get_payload(), str)
        eq(msg1.get_payload(), '\n')



# Test various other bits of the package's functionality 

def message(self):
        encoding = self.encoding or settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET
        msg = SafeMIMEText(self.body, self.content_subtype, encoding)
        msg = self._create_message(msg)
        msg['Subject'] = self.subject
        msg['From'] = self.extra_headers.get('From', self.from_email)
        msg['To'] = self.extra_headers.get('To', ', '.join(self.to))
        if self.cc:
            msg['Cc'] = ', '.join(self.cc)
        if self.reply_to:
            msg['Reply-To'] = self.extra_headers.get('Reply-To', ', '.join(self.reply_to))

        # Email header names are case-insensitive (RFC 2045), so we have to
        # accommodate that when doing comparisons.
        header_names = [key.lower() for key in self.extra_headers]
        if 'date' not in header_names:
            msg['Date'] = formatdate()
        if 'message-id' not in header_names:
            # Use cached DNS_NAME for performance
            msg['Message-ID'] = make_msgid(domain=DNS_NAME)
        for name, value in self.extra_headers.items():
            if name.lower() in ('from', 'to'):  # From and To are already handled
                continue
            msg[name] = value
        return msg 

def test_generate(self):
        # First craft the message to be encapsulated
        m = Message()
        m['Subject'] = 'An enclosed message'
        m.set_payload('Here is the body of the message.\n')
        r = MIMEMessage(m)
        r['Subject'] = 'The enclosing message'
        s = StringIO()
        g = Generator(s)
        g.flatten(r)
        self.assertEqual(s.getvalue(), """\
Content-Type: message/rfc822
MIME-Version: 1.0
Subject: The enclosing message

Subject: An enclosed message

Here is the body of the message.
""") 

def test_string_headerinst_eq(self):
        h = '<15975.17901.207240.414604@sgigritzmann1.mathematik.tu-muenchen.de> (David Bremner\'s message of "Thu, 6 Mar 2003 13:58:21 +0100")'
        msg = Message()
        msg['Received'] = Header(h, header_name='Received-1',
                                 continuation_ws='\t')
        msg['Received'] = h
        self.ndiffAssertEqual(msg.as_string(), """\
Received: <15975.17901.207240.414604@sgigritzmann1.mathematik.tu-muenchen.de>
\t(David Bremner's message of "Thu, 6 Mar 2003 13:58:21 +0100")
Received: <15975.17901.207240.414604@sgigritzmann1.mathematik.tu-muenchen.de>
 (David Bremner's message of "Thu, 6 Mar 2003 13:58:21 +0100")

""") 

def test_valid_argument(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        subject = 'A sub-message'
        m = Message()
        m['Subject'] = subject
        r = MIMEMessage(m)
        eq(r.get_content_type(), 'message/rfc822')
        payload = r.get_payload()
        self.assertIsInstance(payload, list)
        eq(len(payload), 1)
        subpart = payload[0]
        self.assertIs(subpart, m)
        eq(subpart['subject'], subject) 

def test_long_8bit_header_no_charset(self):
        eq = self.ndiffAssertEqual
        msg = Message()
        msg['Reply-To'] = 'Britische Regierung gibt gr\xfcnes Licht f\xfcr Offshore-Windkraftprojekte <a-very-long-address@example.com>'
        eq(msg.as_string(), """\
Reply-To: Britische Regierung gibt gr\xfcnes Licht f\xfcr Offshore-Windkraftprojekte <a-very-long-address@example.com>

""") 

def test_bad_multipart(self):
        eq = self.assertEqual
        msg1 = Message()
        msg1['Subject'] = 'subpart 1'
        msg2 = Message()
        msg2['Subject'] = 'subpart 2'
        r = MIMEMessage(msg1)
        self.assertRaises(errors.MultipartConversionError, r.attach, msg2) 

def test_get_content_maintype_error(self):
        msg = Message()
        msg['Content-Type'] = 'no-slash-in-this-string'
        self.assertEqual(msg.get_content_maintype(), 'text') 

def test_long_8bit_header(self):
        eq = self.ndiffAssertEqual
        msg = Message()
        h = Header('Britische Regierung gibt', 'iso-8859-1',
                    header_name='Subject')
        h.append('gr\xfcnes Licht f\xfcr Offshore-Windkraftprojekte')
        msg['Subject'] = h
        eq(msg.as_string(), """\
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?q?Britische_Regierung_gibt?= =?iso-8859-1?q?gr=FCnes?=
 =?iso-8859-1?q?_Licht_f=FCr_Offshore-Windkraftprojekte?=

""")